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    Design and Installation of Radon Mitigation Systems in Residential structures

The main difference is that passive mitigation is remedial work done without the use of a fan. This would then mean that active radon mitigation is a system that has an active fan pulling the gas out from under the home to the outside atmosphere.

A Passive system which involves some minor steps to reducing radon levels in a home. These could consist of sealing and caulking cracks in the foundation or covering holes or any potential radon entry route like a drain in the floor or a sump-pit. These types of modifications to a basement's foundation typically do reduce the levels to a minimal degree however for higher radon levels, an Active system should be installed. 

Some builders and construction companies install a Vent Pipe A 3- or 4-inch gas-tight or PVC pipe (commonly used for plumbing) runs from the basement slab through the house to the roof to safely vent radon and other soil gases above the house. (Passive system) 

To install a radon fan on existing passive system prices range from $400 and up:

• Includes sealing of large cracks and slab to wall joint, sumps or floor drains if necessary. 

Passive system coming out from the sump pump cover with a 3" PVC pipe  Passive system in the attic after installing a radon fan

Based on an annual home builder survey conducted by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Research Center:

• 5.8% of approximately 1,124,000 single-family detached homes built during 2001 incorporated radon-reducing features, which translates to about 65,000 homes.  This brings the cumulative total of single-family detached homes built with radon-reducing features since 1990 to over one million homes.
   
• 11.7% of approximately 255,000 single-family detached homes built in Zone 1 (homes with high radon potential) during 2001 incorporated radon-reducing features, which translates to nearly 30,000 homes.  This brings the cumulative total of single-family detached homes built in Zone 1 with radon-reducing features since 1990 to over 600,000 thousand.*
  
  * These results exclude homes built on pier-style foundations.

 The cost to a builder and some construction companies of including radon reducing features in a new home during construction can vary widely. Many builders routinely include these features in some of their homes. The cost to the builder of including these features is typically less than the cost to mitigate the home after construction..